Cleaning up Copy-Paste Clones with Interactive Merging

International audienceCopy-paste-modify is a form of software reuse in which developers explicitly duplicate source code. This duplicated source code, amounting to a code clone, is adapted for a new purpose. Copy-paste-modify is popular among software developers, however, empirical evidence shows that it complicates software maintenance and increases the frequency of bugs. To allow developers to use copy-paste-modify without having to worry about these concerns , we propose an approach that automatically merges similar pieces of code by creating suitable abstractions. Because different kinds of abstractions may be beneficial in different contexts, our approach offers multiple abstraction mechanisms, which were selected based on a study of popular open-source repositories. To demonstrate the feasibility of our approach, we have designed and implemented a prototype merging tool for C++ and evaluated it on a number of code clones exhibiting some variation, i.e near-miss clones, in popular Open Source packages. We observed that maintainers find our algorithmically created abstractions to be largely preferable to the existing duplicated code

The Role of Academic Self Efficacy, Social Supoort Teachers Against Self Regulated Learning Students Who Are Forced at the Inclusion School with Academic Self Concept as A Mediator Variable

Students with physical disabilities experience many problems with learning. The self-regulated learning model is an independent learning model that teaches students how to effectively organize and manage themselves, to ensure optimal learning outcomes. Our purpose is to analyze how teacher support and academic self-efficacy could influence the self-regulated learning model, specifically with academic self-efficacy as a mediating variable. We used survey as our research instrument. Meanwhile, the analysis method used path analysis. Our findings show that academic self-efficacy could significantly increase the self-regulated learning of physically disabled students. Teacher support had a minimal effect on improving the self-regulated learning of physically disabled students. We also found the importance of academic self-concept as a mediator in increasing self-regulated learning of physically disabled students. Future research is advised to include other social support variables such as parental and peer support into the model. Our findings can be used as a reference for developing a curriculum on a self-regulated learning model for disabled students

Identifying and Visualising Commonality and Variability in Model Variants

International audienceModels, as any other software artifact, evolve over time during the development life-cycle. Different versions of the same model are thus existing at different times. Model comparison of different versions has received a lot of attention in recent years. However, existing techniques focus on comparing only two model versions at the same time to identify model differences. Independently of model versioning context, another dimension of variation, called variation in space, appears in models. Contrary to variation in time, variation in space means that a set of model variants exists and should be maintained. Comparing all these model variants to identify common and variable elements becomes thus a major challenge. Current approaches for model variants comparison lack of flexibility and appropriate visualisation paradigm. The contribution of this paper is the Model Variants Comparison approach (MoVaC). This approach compares a set of model variants and identifies both commonality and variability in the form of what is referred to as features. Each feature consists in a set of atomic model-elements. MoVaC also visualizes the identified features using a graphical representation where common and variable features are explicitly presented to users. We validate the approach on two use cases demonstrating the flexibility of MoVaC to be applied to any kind of EMF-based model variants

Strategi Pemerintah Indonesia Terhadap Perlindungan Masyarakat Keturunan Indonesia Di Mindanao Filipina Selatan

Problematika perbatasan Indonesia - Filipina, yang mengacu pada aktivitas lintas batas, menciptakan permasalahan status kewarganegaraan. Terkhusus kepada Warga Keturunan Indonesia di Mindanao, Filipina Selatan yang berjumlah 8.745 orang (warga Sangihe - Talaud). Bagaimana kemudian strategi pemerintah Indonesia dalam menangani permasalahan perlindungan terhadap Warga Keturunan Indonesia di Mindanao?. Penelitian ini menggunakan welfare state theory sebagai acuan analisis sikap pemerintah Indonesia untuk pengambilan langkah terhadap perlindungan Warga Keturunan Indonesia di Mindanao, penelitian ini juga menggunakan konsep kewarganegaraan dari hukum atau konstitusi negara Indonesia maupun Filipina untuk memudahkan alur pikir dalam melihat permasalahan status kewarganegaraan Warga Keturunan Indonesia di Mindanao. Penelitian ini menjelaskan bagaimana hubungan historiografis antara warga Sangihe - Talaud, dengan warga Mindanao, sebagai dasar pemahaman sumber permasalahan lintas batas dan status kewarganegaraan. Selain itu menjelaskan Joint Commision for Bilateral Cooperation Indonesia-Filipina 2014 yang menjadi momen terciptanya Mandatory Consular Notification dan program Pendaftaran dan Konfirmasi WNI, yang mana kedua instrumen tersebut adalah jalur pemerintah Indonesia untuk menciptakan perlindungan yang sustainable dan masif terhadap Warga Keturunan Indonesia di Filipina. Hasil dari penelitian ini mengungkapkan bahwa, pemerintah Indonesia dengan segala kompetensinya, menciptakan akses terhadap perlindungan Warga Keturunan Indonesia di Mindanao, melalui hasil JCBC Indonesia - Filipina 2014, dan untuk memaksimalkan tugas perlindungan pemerintah Indonesia, maka Warga Keturunan Indonesia perlu mendapatkan status WNI sehingga dapat terhubung dengan segala akses jaminan kesejahteraan sebagai perlindungan.   Kata Kunci       :     Strategi; Perlindungan; Warga Keturunan Indonesia; Perbatasan Indonesia-Filipina     ABSTRACT The Indonesia - Philippines border problem, which refers to cross-border activities, creates problems of citizenship status. Especially for Persons of Indonesian Descent in Mindanao, Southern Philippines, included 8,745 people (Sangihe - Talaud). What is the Indonesian government's strategy in dealing with the problem of protecting Persons of Indonesian Descent in Mindanao?. This study uses welfare state theory as a reference for analyzing the strategy of the Indonesian government to take steps towards the protection of Indonesian Descent in Mindanao, this research also uses the citizenship concept, taken from Indonesian and Philippines constitutions, to facilitate understanding in looking at issues of citizenship status of PIDs. This study then explains the historiographical relationship between the Sangihe - Talaud residents, and the Mindanao people, as basis to understanding the sources of cross-border problems and citizenship status. This research also explains the 2014 Joint Commission for Bilateral Cooperation between Indonesia and the Philippines, which became the moment for the creation of the Mandatory Consular Notification and the Pendaftaran dan Konfirmasi WNI Program, both agreement are the Indonesian government's path to create sustainable and massive protection for PID in Philippines. Results of this study reveal that, the Indonesian government with all its power, creates access to the protection of PIDs in Mindanao, through JCBC Indonesia - Philippines 2014, and for maximum protection duties, Indonesian Citizens need to obtain citizenship status as WNI, so they can connected with all access to welfare insurance as protection.   Keywords         : Strategy; Protection; Citizens of Indonesian Descent; Indonesia-Philippines Borde

Experimental evaluation of an ontology-driven enterprise modeling language

In this workshop paper an experiment is designed which evaluates the use of an enterprise modeling language that was developed with the Resource Event Agent enterprise ontology and the Unified Foundational ontology as a theoretical base. The effect of using the ontology-driven modeling language is analyzed using Moody's Method Evaluation Model which contains both actual and perception-based variables for measuring the efficiency and effectiveness of the used method